Hofstede Cultures and Organizations - Software of the...

HOFSTEDE: Cultures And Organizations - Software of the Mind Culture as mental programming In Western languages culture commonly means civilization or refinement of the mind and in particular the results of such refinement, like education, art, and literature. This is culture in the narrow sense; culture one Culture as mental software, however, corresponds to a much broader use of the word which is common among social anthropologists: this is ‘culture two’. In social anthropology, culture is a catchword for all those patterns of thinking, feeling, and acting referred to in the previous paragraphs. Not only those activities supposed to refine the mind are included in culture two, but also the ordinary and menial things in life:†¦show more content†¦National culture differences â€Å"invention† of nations is recent ... nation is not the same as society formation of countries in Africa ... But forces push towards integration, - dominant language, common mass media, national army, ... Danger in thinking of â€Å"typically German† or â€Å"French† - just a matter of expediency DIMENSIONS OF NATIONAL CULTURES Social anthropology In the first half of the twentieth century, social anthropology has developed the conviction that all societies, modern or traditional, face the same basic problems; only the answers differ. For some researchers the following issues qualify as common basic problems worldwide, with consequences for the functioning of societies, of groups within those societies, and of individuals within those groups: 1. Relation to authority 2. Conception of self, in particular: a. the relationship between individual and society, and b. the individuals concept of masculinity and femininity 3. Ways of dealing withShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Culture and Its Themes3065 Words   |  13 Pages2008 Organizational Culture and Its Themes Shili Sun School of Foreign Languages, Ludong University No.186 Hongqi Middle Road, Zhifu District, Yantai 264025, Shandong Province, China Tel: 86-535-668-1098 Abstract E-mail: shilisun@hotmail.com As one of the key ‘stable factors’, culture within an organization is playing a critical role in the organization’s everyday operations. Although the culture literature has at times focused on the culture of an organization as shared basic assumptionsRead MoreA Research On Cross Cultural Groups And Organisations1141 Words   |  5 PagesGeert Hofstede is a Dutch social psychologist well known for his pioneering research on cross-cultural groups and organisations. The author, in the book Culture and Organisations, describes national cultures as explainable along six dimensions: Individualism, Power Distance, Masculinity, Long Term Orientation, Uncertainty avoidance and Indulgence vs. restraint. Cultures play an important role in forming our ways of thinking, feeling and behaviour. Cultures differ from nations and regions. The authorRead MoreIntercultural Business Communication Assignment2649 Words   |  11 PagesHofstede article ‘Hofstede’s model of national cultural differences and their consequences: A triumph of faith – a failure of analysis’: In particular, McSweeney questions the plausibility of national cultures being systematically causal, i.e. that the identification of the differences causes or leads directly to the behaviour of the nation or people from that nation. McSweeney is also concerned that Hofstede s work has led others to believe that influential national cultures exist and thatRead MoreCultural Differences and People Management2364 Words   |  10 Pages‘national culture’? And why do you think that French (2010:44) argues that ‘Culture remains a core concept both for students of business and managers in work organisations’? Abstract: The aim of this essay explains my knowledge and understanding about the term ’national culture’ and introduces the differences mentioned by the theorists such as, Hofstede, Trompenaars in the study as well as analyses a content that both business students and organisational managers in work should consider culture as aRead MoreDimensionalizing Cultures. the Hofstede Model in Context11051 Words   |  45 PagesConceptual Issues in Psychology and Culture 12-1-2011 Article 8 Dimensionalizing Cultures: The Hofstede Model in Context Geert Hofstede Universities of Maastricht and Tilburg, The Netherlands, hofstede@bart.nl Recommended Citation Hofstede, G. (2011). Dimensionalizing Cultures: The Hofstede Model in Context. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, Unit 2. Retrieved from http://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/orpc/vol2/iss1/8 This Online Readings in Psychology and Culture Article is brought to you for freeRead MoreExpanding Successfully in the Global Marketplace Essay2279 Words   |  10 Pagesmistake made is thinking there is a single national culture within India and that all individuals/social groups will behave the same regardless of geographic location (Prasso, 2007). According to Hofstede McCrae (2004) national culture differences in work-related values and personality traits â€Å"interact to shape the behavior of individuals and social groups†. By researching and understanding how various personality traits within the national culture interact, valuable insights for effectively outsourcingRead MoreDiversity in Multi-Cultural Teams Creates Potential Advantages2825 Words   |  12 Pages(Salas, Goodwin and Burke, 2009). In the future, the skill to cooperate with diverse cultures is a significant device for a successful business (Thomas and Inkson, 2004). Yet, divergence within multicultura l teams may create some drawbacks as well. Therefore, this essay aims to demonstrate whether the diversity in multicultural teams creates potential benefits. The essay will initially give the definition of culture and multicultural teams, then explore the advantages and disadvantages of diversityRead MoreArticle: Geert Hofstede vs. Fons Trompenaars4908 Words   |  20 PagesGeert Hofstede vs. Fons Trompenaars Introduction How do we market in different cultures? Although we have done many researches about the different cultures, marketing, which is as a discipline, has lagged behind other researches in recognizing the need for it. Before we have found the importance of marketing in different cultures, usually, the approach for marketing was too simple, and we often use the economic theory to explain facts and solve problems, however, international marketing andRead MoreCultural Influence on Organizational Practice5439 Words   |  22 Pages1. EXECUUITIVE SUMMARY Cultural influences on organizational cultures and practices have become a very important research topic in the field of management and organization since the last decades of the 20th century. National culture has been seen as one of the most influential situational factors, which determine organizational phenomena. More recently, after the collapse of socialism, the role of national culture in organizational practices in countries that are in transition is becoming aRead MoreRomanian and Swedish Culture Analysis Based on Hofstede Model4241 Words   |  17 Pagesdiffer in so many ways that it is sometimes surprising that they are part of the same continent, even if there are a few similarities, also. We tried to make a comparison between these two countries’cultures, even if we know so much about Romanian culture and less that about the Swedish one. Like other countries in the region, Romania has worked to create a legal framework consistent with a market economy and investment promotion. Gradually it is moving to strengthen tax administration, enhance

Essay on Victorian Age - 1258 Words

The Year 1837 was very significant. It was not only the year that Queen Victoria acceded the throne, but also the year that a new literary age was coined. The Victorian Age, more formally known, was a time of great prosperity in Great Britains literature. The Victorian Age produced a variety of changes. Political and social reform produced a variety of reading among all classes. The lower-class became more self-conscious, the middle class more powerful and the rich became more vulnerable. The novels of Charles Dickens, the poems of Alfred, Lord Tennyson and Robert Browning, the dramatic plays of Oscar Wilde, the scientific discoveries of the Darwins, and the religious revolt of Newman all helped to enhance learning and literacy in the†¦show more content†¦As the nineteenth century proceeded, these traditional customs were put into question by Erasmus Darwin and his grandson, Charles Darwin. Erasmus Darwin found that the world was not created in seven days in Zoomina, where he discovered that the evolutionary theory was unscientific. Charles Darwin wrote Origin of the Spec ies, causing full scale controversy in Europe. Darwin said that species survive and evolved by natural selection, or the survival of the fittest. The public debate over the evolution marked for Victorians a radical change in intellectual and religious life. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The literature of the first four decades of the Victorian period could not help but reflect the social and intellectual controversies of the era. Writers including Matthew Arnold and John Ruskin attacked the problems directly, while Charles Dickens, George Eloit and Alfred Lord Tennyson dramatized the conflicts and challenges in their works. The most popular form for this type of dramatization was the novel. Victorian novels represented almost every aspect of nineteenth century Victorian life. Though poetry and prose were certainly distinguished, it was the novel that ultimately proved to be the Victorians special literary achievement. The Victorian novels most notable aspect was its diversity. The Victorian period produced a number of novelists whose work today would fit betweenShow MoreRelatedThe Elizabethan Age And The Victorian Age1611 Words   |  7 Pages or to explore the Victorian Age which lasted for nearly sixty-four years, wherein the British Empire reached the height of its wealth and power?’ The indecision of choosing either Age, both important in the history of Britain, led to weighing the more informative of the two in the fields of the country’s military, government, economy, social hierarchy, and roles of men and women during the rule of Queen Elizabeth I or Queen Victoria; the Elizabethan Age and the Victorian Age named after them respectivelyRead MoreThe Influence Of The Victorian Age1151 Words   |  5 PagesThe Victoria n age began in 1837 and ended in 1901. Named after Queen Victoria, the era marked a prosperous period for England with many changes in various sectors. Its primary characterization lies in its rapid developments and changes in scientific, medical and technological knowledge. These factors motivated the country to move towards the age of optimism and confidence that resulted in economic prosperity and boom. The dynamics of the era led to various adversities that affected propriety, doubtRead MoreA Social Morality Of The Victorian Age1355 Words   |  6 PagesOscar Martin Professor Stephen Mendonca English 2323 2 August 2015 A Social Morality The Victorian age ranged from 1830 to 1901, during this time England reached its highest point as a world imperial power. Industrialization and the reign of Queen Victoria (1837 to 1901) played a major role in England’s success. The overwhelming industrialization caused a population boom that changed England’s population from two million to six million people. The abundance of people created new social problemsRead MoreEssay on Marriage in the Victorian Age1814 Words   |  8 PagesMany people believe that marriage is important in this day and age, but it holds little significance compared to the importance of marriage in the Victorian era. In the Victorian era women were to get married to a man of the same or a better social status, be good wives, and be a mother to her husbands children. Very few marriages started with love, but a womans life is not complete without being married. Over time, the role of married women has evolved a great deal and they now have rights andRead MoreThe Victorian Age : An Upper Class Society1049 Words   |  5 PagesMary Dang Professor Suarez English 2323 26 October 2015 The Victorian Age: An Upper Class Society The Victorian Period, the years between 1837 and 1901, was named after the reign of the great Queen Victoria in English civilization. It was during her regime that England gained economic prosperity, experienced the rapid growth of the empire, encountered dramatic changes and religious beliefs. Various social classes represented the population of England, comprising of the upper class, the middle classRead MoreThe Life of Women in the Victorian Age Essay1137 Words   |  5 Pagespowerful as men physically have long been a strong force in society, especially in the Victorian Age, where they had obvious contributions in ways that have seen positive effects to this present day. Prominent, among many other successful women of the Victorian age who departed from their usual roles assigned in the hierarchy of society were Florence Nightingale, Madam Curie and Harriet Beecher Stowe. The Victorian age is seen as a period of questioning of a woman’s traditional role in society as es tablishedRead MoreWomen s Rights During The Victorian Age1486 Words   |  6 Pagesrule of a female monarch, women faced many inequalities and suffering during the Victorian age. Examples of these inequalities include not having the right to vote, unequal educational and employment opportunities. Women were even denied the legal right to divorce in most cases. As the Norton Anthology states, these debates over women’s rights and their roles came to be known as the â€Å"woman question† by the Victorians. This lead to many conflicting struggles, such as the desire by all for women toRead MoreThe Age of Innocence - Womens Struggle With Victorian Dogma 823 Words   |  4 PagesUnlike Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby and Kà ¤stner’s Fabian, Edith Wharton’s Pulitzer Prize winning work, The Age of Innocence (1920) is not set after World War I. In fact, her work is set prior to it at the turn of the century. She describes Old New York from late 19th and early 20th century in great detail, â€Å"New York society and customs†¦are described with an accuracy that is almost uncanny: to read these pages is to live again.† She also looks at the upper class, instead of middle and lower classRead MoreAlfred Tennyson, often regarded as the chief representative of the Victorian age in poetry.1422 Words   |  6 PagesThe Victorian age was an age where many changes occurred socially, economically, and industrially. People began to explore into areas such as the earth, the human body, and how to benefit the daily lives of individuals. English literature was also something that was beginning to be developed. Historically, it began when Queen Victoria was anointed to the thrown in 1837 and brought a new prosperity to England. She held the throne for 63 years which is the longest monarch to hold the thrownRead MoreThe Romantic Age vs. The Victorian Period Essay1264 Words   |  6 PagesThe Romantic Age and Victorian Period had many similarities, but they had just as many or more differences. They first differed in rule; the Romantic Age didnt have a king or queen, but they did during the Victorian Period. They were similar and different in writing styles, and beliefs. The Industrial Revolution also had a huge effect on both time periods. The Romantic Period was from 1784 until 1832, it brought a more brave, individual, and imaginative approach to both literature and life. During

Essay on Victorian Age - 1258 Words

The Year 1837 was very significant. It was not only the year that Queen Victoria acceded the throne, but also the year that a new literary age was coined. The Victorian Age, more formally known, was a time of great prosperity in Great Britains literature. The Victorian Age produced a variety of changes. Political and social reform produced a variety of reading among all classes. The lower-class became more self-conscious, the middle class more powerful and the rich became more vulnerable. The novels of Charles Dickens, the poems of Alfred, Lord Tennyson and Robert Browning, the dramatic plays of Oscar Wilde, the scientific discoveries of the Darwins, and the religious revolt of Newman all helped to enhance learning and literacy in the†¦show more content†¦As the nineteenth century proceeded, these traditional customs were put into question by Erasmus Darwin and his grandson, Charles Darwin. Erasmus Darwin found that the world was not created in seven days in Zoomina, where he discovered that the evolutionary theory was unscientific. Charles Darwin wrote Origin of the Spec ies, causing full scale controversy in Europe. Darwin said that species survive and evolved by natural selection, or the survival of the fittest. The public debate over the evolution marked for Victorians a radical change in intellectual and religious life. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The literature of the first four decades of the Victorian period could not help but reflect the social and intellectual controversies of the era. Writers including Matthew Arnold and John Ruskin attacked the problems directly, while Charles Dickens, George Eloit and Alfred Lord Tennyson dramatized the conflicts and challenges in their works. The most popular form for this type of dramatization was the novel. Victorian novels represented almost every aspect of nineteenth century Victorian life. Though poetry and prose were certainly distinguished, it was the novel that ultimately proved to be the Victorians special literary achievement. The Victorian novels most notable aspect was its diversity. The Victorian period produced a number of novelists whose work today would fit betweenShow MoreRelatedThe Elizabethan Age And The Victorian Age1611 Words   |  7 Pages or to explore the Victorian Age which lasted for nearly sixty-four years, wherein the British Empire reached the height of its wealth and power?’ The indecision of choosing either Age, both important in the history of Britain, led to weighing the more informative of the two in the fields of the country’s military, government, economy, social hierarchy, and roles of men and women during the rule of Queen Elizabeth I or Queen Victoria; the Elizabethan Age and the Victorian Age named after them respectivelyRead MoreThe Influence Of The Victorian Age1151 Words   |  5 PagesThe Victoria n age began in 1837 and ended in 1901. Named after Queen Victoria, the era marked a prosperous period for England with many changes in various sectors. Its primary characterization lies in its rapid developments and changes in scientific, medical and technological knowledge. These factors motivated the country to move towards the age of optimism and confidence that resulted in economic prosperity and boom. The dynamics of the era led to various adversities that affected propriety, doubtRead MoreA Social Morality Of The Victorian Age1355 Words   |  6 PagesOscar Martin Professor Stephen Mendonca English 2323 2 August 2015 A Social Morality The Victorian age ranged from 1830 to 1901, during this time England reached its highest point as a world imperial power. Industrialization and the reign of Queen Victoria (1837 to 1901) played a major role in England’s success. The overwhelming industrialization caused a population boom that changed England’s population from two million to six million people. The abundance of people created new social problemsRead MoreEssay on Marriage in the Victorian Age1814 Words   |  8 PagesMany people believe that marriage is important in this day and age, but it holds little significance compared to the importance of marriage in the Victorian era. In the Victorian era women were to get married to a man of the same or a better social status, be good wives, and be a mother to her husbands children. Very few marriages started with love, but a womans life is not complete without being married. Over time, the role of married women has evolved a great deal and they now have rights andRead MoreThe Victorian Age : An Upper Class Society1049 Words   |  5 PagesMary Dang Professor Suarez English 2323 26 October 2015 The Victorian Age: An Upper Class Society The Victorian Period, the years between 1837 and 1901, was named after the reign of the great Queen Victoria in English civilization. It was during her regime that England gained economic prosperity, experienced the rapid growth of the empire, encountered dramatic changes and religious beliefs. Various social classes represented the population of England, comprising of the upper class, the middle classRead MoreThe Life of Women in the Victorian Age Essay1137 Words   |  5 Pagespowerful as men physically have long been a strong force in society, especially in the Victorian Age, where they had obvious contributions in ways that have seen positive effects to this present day. Prominent, among many other successful women of the Victorian age who departed from their usual roles assigned in the hierarchy of society were Florence Nightingale, Madam Curie and Harriet Beecher Stowe. The Victorian age is seen as a period of questioning of a woman’s traditional role in society as es tablishedRead MoreWomen s Rights During The Victorian Age1486 Words   |  6 Pagesrule of a female monarch, women faced many inequalities and suffering during the Victorian age. Examples of these inequalities include not having the right to vote, unequal educational and employment opportunities. Women were even denied the legal right to divorce in most cases. As the Norton Anthology states, these debates over women’s rights and their roles came to be known as the â€Å"woman question† by the Victorians. This lead to many conflicting struggles, such as the desire by all for women toRead MoreThe Age of Innocence - Womens Struggle With Victorian Dogma 823 Words   |  4 PagesUnlike Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby and Kà ¤stner’s Fabian, Edith Wharton’s Pulitzer Prize winning work, The Age of Innocence (1920) is not set after World War I. In fact, her work is set prior to it at the turn of the century. She describes Old New York from late 19th and early 20th century in great detail, â€Å"New York society and customs†¦are described with an accuracy that is almost uncanny: to read these pages is to live again.† She also looks at the upper class, instead of middle and lower classRead MoreAlfred Tennyson, often regarded as the chief representative of the Victorian age in poetry.1422 Words   |  6 PagesThe Victorian age was an age where many changes occurred socially, economically, and industrially. People began to explore into areas such as the earth, the human body, and how to benefit the daily lives of individuals. English literature was also something that was beginning to be developed. Historically, it began when Queen Victoria was anointed to the thrown in 1837 and brought a new prosperity to England. She held the throne for 63 years which is the longest monarch to hold the thrownRead MoreThe Romantic Age vs. The Victorian Period Essay1264 Words   |  6 PagesThe Romantic Age and Victorian Period had many similarities, but they had just as many or more differences. They first differed in rule; the Romantic Age didnt have a king or queen, but they did during the Victorian Period. They were similar and different in writing styles, and beliefs. The Industrial Revolution also had a huge effect on both time periods. The Romantic Period was from 1784 until 1832, it brought a more brave, individual, and imaginative approach to both literature and life. During

Essay on Victorian Age - 1258 Words

The Year 1837 was very significant. It was not only the year that Queen Victoria acceded the throne, but also the year that a new literary age was coined. The Victorian Age, more formally known, was a time of great prosperity in Great Britains literature. The Victorian Age produced a variety of changes. Political and social reform produced a variety of reading among all classes. The lower-class became more self-conscious, the middle class more powerful and the rich became more vulnerable. The novels of Charles Dickens, the poems of Alfred, Lord Tennyson and Robert Browning, the dramatic plays of Oscar Wilde, the scientific discoveries of the Darwins, and the religious revolt of Newman all helped to enhance learning and literacy in the†¦show more content†¦As the nineteenth century proceeded, these traditional customs were put into question by Erasmus Darwin and his grandson, Charles Darwin. Erasmus Darwin found that the world was not created in seven days in Zoomina, where he discovered that the evolutionary theory was unscientific. Charles Darwin wrote Origin of the Spec ies, causing full scale controversy in Europe. Darwin said that species survive and evolved by natural selection, or the survival of the fittest. The public debate over the evolution marked for Victorians a radical change in intellectual and religious life. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The literature of the first four decades of the Victorian period could not help but reflect the social and intellectual controversies of the era. Writers including Matthew Arnold and John Ruskin attacked the problems directly, while Charles Dickens, George Eloit and Alfred Lord Tennyson dramatized the conflicts and challenges in their works. The most popular form for this type of dramatization was the novel. Victorian novels represented almost every aspect of nineteenth century Victorian life. Though poetry and prose were certainly distinguished, it was the novel that ultimately proved to be the Victorians special literary achievement. The Victorian novels most notable aspect was its diversity. The Victorian period produced a number of novelists whose work today would fit betweenShow MoreRelatedThe Elizabethan Age And The Victorian Age1611 Words   |  7 Pages or to explore the Victorian Age which lasted for nearly sixty-four years, wherein the British Empire reached the height of its wealth and power?’ The indecision of choosing either Age, both important in the history of Britain, led to weighing the more informative of the two in the fields of the country’s military, government, economy, social hierarchy, and roles of men and women during the rule of Queen Elizabeth I or Queen Victoria; the Elizabethan Age and the Victorian Age named after them respectivelyRead MoreThe Influence Of The Victorian Age1151 Words   |  5 PagesThe Victoria n age began in 1837 and ended in 1901. Named after Queen Victoria, the era marked a prosperous period for England with many changes in various sectors. Its primary characterization lies in its rapid developments and changes in scientific, medical and technological knowledge. These factors motivated the country to move towards the age of optimism and confidence that resulted in economic prosperity and boom. The dynamics of the era led to various adversities that affected propriety, doubtRead MoreA Social Morality Of The Victorian Age1355 Words   |  6 PagesOscar Martin Professor Stephen Mendonca English 2323 2 August 2015 A Social Morality The Victorian age ranged from 1830 to 1901, during this time England reached its highest point as a world imperial power. Industrialization and the reign of Queen Victoria (1837 to 1901) played a major role in England’s success. The overwhelming industrialization caused a population boom that changed England’s population from two million to six million people. The abundance of people created new social problemsRead MoreEssay on Marriage in the Victorian Age1814 Words   |  8 PagesMany people believe that marriage is important in this day and age, but it holds little significance compared to the importance of marriage in the Victorian era. In the Victorian era women were to get married to a man of the same or a better social status, be good wives, and be a mother to her husbands children. Very few marriages started with love, but a womans life is not complete without being married. Over time, the role of married women has evolved a great deal and they now have rights andRead MoreThe Victorian Age : An Upper Class Society1049 Words   |  5 PagesMary Dang Professor Suarez English 2323 26 October 2015 The Victorian Age: An Upper Class Society The Victorian Period, the years between 1837 and 1901, was named after the reign of the great Queen Victoria in English civilization. It was during her regime that England gained economic prosperity, experienced the rapid growth of the empire, encountered dramatic changes and religious beliefs. Various social classes represented the population of England, comprising of the upper class, the middle classRead MoreThe Life of Women in the Victorian Age Essay1137 Words   |  5 Pagespowerful as men physically have long been a strong force in society, especially in the Victorian Age, where they had obvious contributions in ways that have seen positive effects to this present day. Prominent, among many other successful women of the Victorian age who departed from their usual roles assigned in the hierarchy of society were Florence Nightingale, Madam Curie and Harriet Beecher Stowe. The Victorian age is seen as a period of questioning of a woman’s traditional role in society as es tablishedRead MoreWomen s Rights During The Victorian Age1486 Words   |  6 Pagesrule of a female monarch, women faced many inequalities and suffering during the Victorian age. Examples of these inequalities include not having the right to vote, unequal educational and employment opportunities. Women were even denied the legal right to divorce in most cases. As the Norton Anthology states, these debates over women’s rights and their roles came to be known as the â€Å"woman question† by the Victorians. This lead to many conflicting struggles, such as the desire by all for women toRead MoreThe Age of Innocence - Womens Struggle With Victorian Dogma 823 Words   |  4 PagesUnlike Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby and Kà ¤stner’s Fabian, Edith Wharton’s Pulitzer Prize winning work, The Age of Innocence (1920) is not set after World War I. In fact, her work is set prior to it at the turn of the century. She describes Old New York from late 19th and early 20th century in great detail, â€Å"New York society and customs†¦are described with an accuracy that is almost uncanny: to read these pages is to live again.† She also looks at the upper class, instead of middle and lower classRead MoreAlfred Tennyson, often regarded as the chief representative of the Victorian age in poetry.1422 Words   |  6 PagesThe Victorian age was an age where many changes occurred socially, economically, and industrially. People began to explore into areas such as the earth, the human body, and how to benefit the daily lives of individuals. English literature was also something that was beginning to be developed. Historically, it began when Queen Victoria was anointed to the thrown in 1837 and brought a new prosperity to England. She held the throne for 63 years which is the longest monarch to hold the thrownRead MoreThe Romantic Age vs. The Victorian Period Essay1264 Words   |  6 PagesThe Romantic Age and Victorian Period had many similarities, but they had just as many or more differences. They first differed in rule; the Romantic Age didnt have a king or queen, but they did during the Victorian Period. They were similar and different in writing styles, and beliefs. The Industrial Revolution also had a huge effect on both time periods. The Romantic Period was from 1784 until 1832, it brought a more brave, individual, and imaginative approach to both literature and life. During

Essay on Victorian Age - 1258 Words

The Year 1837 was very significant. It was not only the year that Queen Victoria acceded the throne, but also the year that a new literary age was coined. The Victorian Age, more formally known, was a time of great prosperity in Great Britains literature. The Victorian Age produced a variety of changes. Political and social reform produced a variety of reading among all classes. The lower-class became more self-conscious, the middle class more powerful and the rich became more vulnerable. The novels of Charles Dickens, the poems of Alfred, Lord Tennyson and Robert Browning, the dramatic plays of Oscar Wilde, the scientific discoveries of the Darwins, and the religious revolt of Newman all helped to enhance learning and literacy in the†¦show more content†¦As the nineteenth century proceeded, these traditional customs were put into question by Erasmus Darwin and his grandson, Charles Darwin. Erasmus Darwin found that the world was not created in seven days in Zoomina, where he discovered that the evolutionary theory was unscientific. Charles Darwin wrote Origin of the Spec ies, causing full scale controversy in Europe. Darwin said that species survive and evolved by natural selection, or the survival of the fittest. The public debate over the evolution marked for Victorians a radical change in intellectual and religious life. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The literature of the first four decades of the Victorian period could not help but reflect the social and intellectual controversies of the era. Writers including Matthew Arnold and John Ruskin attacked the problems directly, while Charles Dickens, George Eloit and Alfred Lord Tennyson dramatized the conflicts and challenges in their works. The most popular form for this type of dramatization was the novel. Victorian novels represented almost every aspect of nineteenth century Victorian life. Though poetry and prose were certainly distinguished, it was the novel that ultimately proved to be the Victorians special literary achievement. The Victorian novels most notable aspect was its diversity. The Victorian period produced a number of novelists whose work today would fit betweenShow MoreRelatedThe Elizabethan Age And The Victorian Age1611 Words   |  7 Pages or to explore the Victorian Age which lasted for nearly sixty-four years, wherein the British Empire reached the height of its wealth and power?’ The indecision of choosing either Age, both important in the history of Britain, led to weighing the more informative of the two in the fields of the country’s military, government, economy, social hierarchy, and roles of men and women during the rule of Queen Elizabeth I or Queen Victoria; the Elizabethan Age and the Victorian Age named after them respectivelyRead MoreThe Influence Of The Victorian Age1151 Words   |  5 PagesThe Victoria n age began in 1837 and ended in 1901. Named after Queen Victoria, the era marked a prosperous period for England with many changes in various sectors. Its primary characterization lies in its rapid developments and changes in scientific, medical and technological knowledge. These factors motivated the country to move towards the age of optimism and confidence that resulted in economic prosperity and boom. The dynamics of the era led to various adversities that affected propriety, doubtRead MoreA Social Morality Of The Victorian Age1355 Words   |  6 PagesOscar Martin Professor Stephen Mendonca English 2323 2 August 2015 A Social Morality The Victorian age ranged from 1830 to 1901, during this time England reached its highest point as a world imperial power. Industrialization and the reign of Queen Victoria (1837 to 1901) played a major role in England’s success. The overwhelming industrialization caused a population boom that changed England’s population from two million to six million people. The abundance of people created new social problemsRead MoreEssay on Marriage in the Victorian Age1814 Words   |  8 PagesMany people believe that marriage is important in this day and age, but it holds little significance compared to the importance of marriage in the Victorian era. In the Victorian era women were to get married to a man of the same or a better social status, be good wives, and be a mother to her husbands children. Very few marriages started with love, but a womans life is not complete without being married. Over time, the role of married women has evolved a great deal and they now have rights andRead MoreThe Victorian Age : An Upper Class Society1049 Words   |  5 PagesMary Dang Professor Suarez English 2323 26 October 2015 The Victorian Age: An Upper Class Society The Victorian Period, the years between 1837 and 1901, was named after the reign of the great Queen Victoria in English civilization. It was during her regime that England gained economic prosperity, experienced the rapid growth of the empire, encountered dramatic changes and religious beliefs. Various social classes represented the population of England, comprising of the upper class, the middle classRead MoreThe Life of Women in the Victorian Age Essay1137 Words   |  5 Pagespowerful as men physically have long been a strong force in society, especially in the Victorian Age, where they had obvious contributions in ways that have seen positive effects to this present day. Prominent, among many other successful women of the Victorian age who departed from their usual roles assigned in the hierarchy of society were Florence Nightingale, Madam Curie and Harriet Beecher Stowe. The Victorian age is seen as a period of questioning of a woman’s traditional role in society as es tablishedRead MoreWomen s Rights During The Victorian Age1486 Words   |  6 Pagesrule of a female monarch, women faced many inequalities and suffering during the Victorian age. Examples of these inequalities include not having the right to vote, unequal educational and employment opportunities. Women were even denied the legal right to divorce in most cases. As the Norton Anthology states, these debates over women’s rights and their roles came to be known as the â€Å"woman question† by the Victorians. This lead to many conflicting struggles, such as the desire by all for women toRead MoreThe Age of Innocence - Womens Struggle With Victorian Dogma 823 Words   |  4 PagesUnlike Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby and Kà ¤stner’s Fabian, Edith Wharton’s Pulitzer Prize winning work, The Age of Innocence (1920) is not set after World War I. In fact, her work is set prior to it at the turn of the century. She describes Old New York from late 19th and early 20th century in great detail, â€Å"New York society and customs†¦are described with an accuracy that is almost uncanny: to read these pages is to live again.† She also looks at the upper class, instead of middle and lower classRead MoreAlfred Tennyson, often regarded as the chief representative of the Victorian age in poetry.1422 Words   |  6 PagesThe Victorian age was an age where many changes occurred socially, economically, and industrially. People began to explore into areas such as the earth, the human body, and how to benefit the daily lives of individuals. English literature was also something that was beginning to be developed. Historically, it began when Queen Victoria was anointed to the thrown in 1837 and brought a new prosperity to England. She held the throne for 63 years which is the longest monarch to hold the thrownRead MoreThe Romantic Age vs. The Victorian Period Essay1264 Words   |  6 PagesThe Romantic Age and Victorian Period had many similarities, but they had just as many or more differences. They first differed in rule; the Romantic Age didnt have a king or queen, but they did during the Victorian Period. They were similar and different in writing styles, and beliefs. The Industrial Revolution also had a huge effect on both time periods. The Romantic Period was from 1784 until 1832, it brought a more brave, individual, and imaginative approach to both literature and life. During

Corporal Punishment and Children - 1935 Words

Is corporal punishment needed to discipline children? This is a very controversial question that is often debated. Even with as many arguments as there are against corporal punishment, there are also arguments for such punishment for children. This is something that tends to happen in both home and school settings. This type of punishment is very hurtful to the child and can have lasting effects on the child throughout their life. It can cause damage to relationships. It can also cause many different psychological problems as they get older. While some may not agree, there are other ways to discipline children that can be just as effective without causing any harm. What exactly is corporal punishment? Often referred to as child abuse,†¦show more content†¦Self-esteem and self-worth are often thought of as the same thing, but they are actually very different. Self-esteem is defined as, â€Å"a confidence and satisfaction in oneself† (Merriam-Webster.com, 2013). Self-worth is defined as, â€Å"respect for or a favorable opinion of oneself† (Merriam-Webster, 2013). Thinking highly of yourself and respecting yourself are very important and those that have been abused often think of themselves as unworthy and unlovable. Aggression is often also an issue for those that were disciplined using corporal punishment. They are taught by what is being done to them, for example, being spanked, that it is then okay for them to hit others when others do something that displeases them. This attitude is then carried over into adulthood and those children, now adults, will be more prone to getting into physical fights with others, with thei r spouse, and will be more likely to use corporal punishment on their own children (Morris amp; Gibson, 2011). Just as there are many different ways to negatively punish your child, there are just as many ways to properly discipline your child. Positive reinforcement is what is often considered to be the most effective way to get an undesirable behavior stopped. Positive reinforcement does not damage the parent-child relationship, and it also does not cause the child any negative psychological problems such as anxiety and fear. PositiveShow MoreRelatedCorporal Punishment Of Children.981 Words   |  4 Pages Corporal Punishment of Children When I was in middle school at St. Mary’s Catholic School, in Ethiopia, I used to see our teachers using different techniques to punish my classmates. I remember an incident in middle school where a friend of mine was punished in a harmful way because he failed to answer a question. Although the use of corporal punishment in schools is intended to change the behavior of the student, teachers should not be allowedRead MoreThe Corporal Punishment Of Children1223 Words   |  5 Pages Corporal Punishment of Children Thesis: Although using the corporal punishment method in schools is intended to change the behavior of the student, teachers should not be allowed to use this method to punish students because it’s not effective for the child’s behavioral change, and it affects the child’s behavior mentally and physically. I.Hurts the child physically and abuses the child right II. Destructive rather than constructive A. Many people believe that corporal punishment is a methodRead MoreCorporal Punishment And Its Effect On Children1587 Words   |  7 PagesThe term corporal punishment is defined as the use of physical force with the intention of causing a child to experience pain, but not injury, for the purpose of correction or control of the child’s behavior Seven nations Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Norway, Austria, Italy and Cyprus-have laws making it illicit for parents to utilize physical discipline on their children. Corporal punishment in schools has been banned in every one of the nations in Europe, South and Central America, China and JapanRead MoreCorporal Punishment And Its Effect On Children1708 Words   |  7 Pagesviewpoint on corporal punishment; some of the reviews take a look at who is most affected by corporal punishment in terms of focusing their lens on race, socio-economic status, gender, culture etc. Some also take a critical look at the advantages and disadvantages of corporal punishment. Some take a look at the widespread of corporal punishment in the US. Cases against corporal punishment and the effect of corporal punishment on children were also looked into. With all the different ways corporal punishmentRead MoreCorporal Punishment And Its Effect On Children1617 Words   |  7 Pagesof any child’s life is a huge determinate of what their future will turn out to be. Parenting styles are the normative prototypes that parents utilize to socialize and manage their children. Different parents employ different styles of discipline to ensure that their children develop to be all-rounded adults. Children who have been nurtured well by their parents turn up as self-regulated with disciplined behavior. Child discipline is thus a key parenting skill, and the choice of discipline styleRead MoreThe Effects Of Corporal Punishment On Children932 Words   |  4 PagesChildren and Corporal Punishment Punishing children has been one of the most controversial parenting topics this generation has seen. Physical punishment or corporal punishment is simple defined as the use of physical force with the purpose of initiating pain, but not wound, to teach the proper behavior of a child. Corporal punishment has been used for many centuries in schools and in homes but the use of such techniques have since decreased and are not being used in many places today. EvidenceRead MoreThe Effects Of Corporal Punishment On Children953 Words   |  4 Pagesmany views of the past relating to corporal punishment have changed significantly. During my readings I read things that instantly stood out to me. The first being how many issues and their solutions revolved around religion. John Wesley, was the founder of the Methodist Movement, and he believed that children were born with sin and that it was the parental duty to discipline the unruly child, starting at an early age. During this time period, corporal punishment was a common practice. Wesley usedRead MoreThe Effects Of Corporal Punishment On Children2225 Words   |  9 Pagesinternet that will point out the simple pros and cons of Corporal punishment. Many children psychologists state that violence will always produce violence, it will never reduce aggression. This is a generally accepted fact that has been proven and studied for decades. Will someone such as a child, not act out against an aggressor because of the natural drive to preserve their inherited material? There are usually four things that children who have experienced child abuse will do in later years. OneRead MoreCorporal Punishment And Its Effect On Children1860 Words   |  8 PagesReading/Writing L9 17 March 2015 Corporal Punishment by Spanking in Children Corporal punishment is hared way for children. According to Carol Bower, in the article Positive Discipline and a Ban on Corporal Punishment Will Help Stop Cycles of Violence. parents rely on corporal punishment on their children because violence is an acceptable way to solve problems. â€Å"The data showed that 57% of parents with children under 18 used corporal punishment, and 33% used severe corporal punishment in the form of beatings†Read MoreCorporal Punishment And Its Effect On School Children1251 Words   |  6 Pagesdistribute our findings so that all of the public cannot ignore the wholesale infliction of pain and suffering onto our school children, and the role â€Å"paddling† schools play in teaching our children that physically aggressive and coercive resolutions of conflict are legitimate. Contributing to the problem of violence by making children feel rejected and isolated, corporal punishment is unsafe in and of itself, but its discriminate application may be co-incident with problems unique to racial and gender

Develop an Android App Blood Group Managment System

Question: Discuss about the Develop an Android App for Blood Group Managment System. Answer: Introduction to the project Blood group refers to the tiny particles or components within the blood of any human being that help determine the suitability or compatibility of ones blood with another. As such it is usually the case when carrying out blood transfusion. These components must, therefore, be studied and grouped appropriately to avoid any mix up whenever emergencies arise [6] Most hospitals within the United Kingdom have given numerous reports indicating the difficulty they go through when handling emergency cases that require a blood transfusion. So many lives have been lost because of this too [9]. A proper blood group system made available not just to health facilities but also the general public could prove to be a very useful tool in reducing and possibly eliminating such deaths [8]. Objectives of the project To come up with a creatively designed system to help manage all the blood group types and also be able to store additional information about an individuals health status even in their phones. Additionally, it aims at enhancing the dispensation of blood transfusion services to the general public in case of any emergencies [11]. Problem statement This project was enthused by a careful and comprehensive study of the existing healthcare management systems used by all healthcare facilities within the United Kingdom [10]. It became very apparent that there was not a single system employed in the management of patients blood group. A study conducted earlier on also revealed that the public has limited knowledge about their blood group types, therefore making this available on their mobile phones would be of great help to them. Literature review Blood is conventionally termed as the universal most precious element in saving lives as it saves countless lives across the globe with various conditions. A blood bank refers to a place or a storage facility designed to warehouse blood products and blood. Typically, the word blood bank refers to a section of a health care facility laboratory where blood is stored and tested to lessen risks of transfusion-related happenings. Blood bank information systems provide essential functionalities so that individuals can gain quick access to donor records from different countries across the globe. A group blood management is one that is designed to help in the proper storage, processing, retrieval and analysis of all information related to a blood storage facility. The system described here is always meant for hospitals and usually not available to the general public to facilitate their management and ease in responding to emergencies [11]. According to the World Health Organization, most blood banks have an inventory management system that is usually restricted to the personnel working within those institutions. Therefore, it creates a huge gap between those who are made in charge of such agencies and those who are meant to use their services. Patients that require quick and emergency blood transfusion usually have difficulty when it comes to getting the right blood type to facilitate this process thus leading to massive loss of lives. Recently, research suggests that there are some existing systems such as the Blood Connect. Blood Connect and E-Blood Bank. Blood Connect was unveiled as a project under NSS IIT Delhi in India on 1st April 2010 with an apparent objective to solve the problem shortage of blood in India. According to WHO, India faces of three million blood units. It was suggested that such a scenario would be eliminated if two percent of Indias youth donates blood. Therefore, Blood Connect was launched to act as a channel in connecting voluntary donors with needy recipients. Currently, Blood Connect has developed a 360-degree solution to the problem of blood shortage. On the other hand, E-Blood Bank was launched in India primarily to connect blood donors and blood recipients. The application works in such a way that a recipient can locate a matching donor. The application was designed in such a way that push notifications enables informs recipients in need of the location of hospitals in the local area that has a matching blood donor in their blood banks[11]. Making this system simpler and available on any Android-based device will be a bold move towards the dissemination of these services to a phone user in the United Kingdom and the world as a whole. This system once downloaded and installed by a mobile phone user, will be able to store information about their blood group, the availability of such a blood group and also go ahead to calculate the possible blood groups for their relations with children, parents, and other close relatives. This results in the generation of a tree diagram with clear indication and illustration of the most important health information about these people [12]. This android based system is supposed to carry the following functions: Facilitate the online movement of blood from one bank to another. Check and confirm the availability of a particular type of blood group in any medical treatment center in the United Kingdom and the world as a whole. Relay information about a patients blood group and where they can find the most suitable blood type in case of any emergency Proper record keeping of all medical information related to all possible donors thus making it easy to fast track. Gaps in literature In as much as several studies have been conducted in this area, most of these studies relate to causes of the poor blood bank management system (WHO and UNESCO, 2008) where tripling human population strain the few blood storage facilities. Few of these studies major on the lack of scientific information to back the theoretical findings and lack of community awareness particularly in all level of the society on the need to have information related to their blood group at their fingertips [11]. This research proposal, therefore, highlights the need for sampling of all the available blood group management techniques and systems and coming up with a more refined and inclusive system that is not only used by healthcare centers but also by individuals all over the world [14]. Project tools and resources The completion of this project will require the following tools that will aid in the carrying out of research and information analysis. Data collection tools such as pens, books, well-equipped library System development instruments such as coding and programming technology Web hosting services. Software development and analysis technique. Methodology This project uses the waterfall model of presentation as it requires a full completion of a particular phase or stage before moving to the next level of the project. This model is also the most suitable for this project since this project is very direct and has no uncertainties at all. The initial stage of the project involves the gathering of all the requirements and tools needed for all the activities. The second stage includes the design of the whole system that should be used in managing the blood group and how they should be segmented. This stage also involves looking at the hosting and other web services related to this server [16]. An implementation and testing phase then sets in. Here, the blood group management system is put into practice and tested for any loopholes or necessary improvements as required. Once all the necessary requirements and changes have been made to the system, the whole server can now be moved and deployed to all the centers that require that use it and also to be added to all the android servers so that all users can reach and download them [15] Because of certain unforeseen circumstances, this system may require maintenance from time to time. Such improvements may include updates of the software and enhancing user experience. The waterfall method is preferred because it is easy and simple to use; ease in managing the system related to the model and also suitable when it comes to handling small projects like this. Also, a number of challenges such as making it difficult to make changes to the system once the testing stage is attained. Bibliography [1]"Blood Bank Management System", Bbmspunjab.gov.in, 2016. [Online]. Available: https://bbmspunjab.gov.in/. [Accessed: 23- Aug- 2016]. [2]J. Howse and A. Jha, Android application programming with OpenCV. Birmingham, England: Packt Publishing, 2013. [3]J. Sheusi, Android application development for Java programmers. Boston, MA: Course Technology PTR, 2013. [4]D. Torres Milano, Android application testing guide. Birmingham, U.K.: Packt Pub., 2011. [5]J. Ellis, American Creation. New York: A. A. Knopf, 2007. [6]R. Bremner, Chairman of the Fed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004. [7]K. LAN and Y. ZHANG, "Application of Android in remote medical information system", Journal of Computer Applications, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 1790-1792, 2013. [8]K. Koek, "Application of Android OS as real-time control platform", automat, vol. 17, no. 2, p. 197, 2013. [9]P. Papapetrou and J. Lalou, Android application development with Maven. [10]R. Rogers, Android application development. Sebastopol, Calif.: O'Reilly, 2009. [11]W. Lee and K. Mittal, Beginning Android application development. Indianapolis, Ind.: Wiley Pub., 2011. [12]M. Burton and D. Felker, Android application development for dummies. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2012. [14]G. Ponnappa, "Project Stakeholder Management", Project Management Journal, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. e3-e3, 2014. [13]D. Torres Milano, Android application testing guide. Birmingham, U.K.: Packt Pub., 2011. [16]S. Conder and L. Darcey, Android wireless application development. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Addison-Wesley, 2010. [18]L. O'Meara and J. Hamilton III, Yii Rapid Application Development Hotshot. Birmingham: Packt Pub., 2012.